Yellow peril, red scare: race and communism in National Review.

《國家評論》中的“黃禍論”和紅色恐慌：民族和共產主義

Print media has had a profound impact on shaping conservative ideology, political practice, and racial boundary making. While scholarship on US conservatism contributes important elements of its economic, political, and social philosophy by highlighting the role of racialization within the black/white binary, little attention has been historically paid to other forms of racialization within US conservatism. Through a discourse analysis of National Review from 1955 to 1975, I offer a corrective by examining how racial tropes are used to reinforce the conservative political project of anti-communism. These racialized tropes highlight how National Review characterized East Asian nations as uncivilized and savage, and thus poised for communist exploitation. I explain how yellow peril discourse was linked to communist infiltration amongst US conservative writers.

摘要: 印刷媒體對塑造保守的意識形態、政治實踐和種族邊界產生了深遠的影響。盡管美國保守主義學術通過強調黑人/白人二元體系中種族主義的作用，為其經濟、政治和社會哲學施加了重要影響，但歷史上很少關注美國保守主義中其他形式的種族主義。本文通過對1955年至1975年《國家評論》的論述分析，我提出了一種改進方法：分析種族化修辭是如何被用來加強保守的反共產主義政治項目的。這些種族化的修辭揭示《國家評論》如何將東亞國家定義為不文明和野蠻的國家，從而為共產主義剝削做好準備。我解釋了“黃禍論”是如何與美國保守派作家中的共產主義滲透聯系在一起的。

作者: Del Visco, Stephen

作者單位: Department of Political Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA

來源: Ethnic & Racial Studies. Mar 2019, Vol. 42 Issue 4, p626-644.

翻譯：周學文